History of Holidays

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/christmas-holiday_5668555de4b009377b232f75?ncid=fcbklnkushpmg00000063

Maps from Around the World

On any given day, could you say where the most photographs where being snapped around the world?
http://www.visualnews.com/2012/01/04/a-flashy-year-of-snapshots-around-the-world/?utm_source=VisualNews&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=12e8d5d713-RSS_EMAIL

It would be hard to say, except with this new visualization. Using data from around the web, including a healthy dose of imagery from flickr, Triposo has put together a world map that literally flickers with photographic activity. Different countries light up according to their most significant holidays, events and seasons.

Calculate Your Slavery Footprint

http://slaveryfootprint.org/Slavery Footprint is a website and iPhone app that asks who you are, where you're from and what you do and uses that information to estimate how many slaves work for you, based on the average minimum number of people required to support them.

Women's History

“One person incredibly committed to one issue, who won’t stop until change occurs.”
In 2012, three young women created a documentary about Alice Paul for a school project. Joyce Wang, Olivia Hu and Ingrid Ma decided to focus on women’s suffrage and the result is a fantastic ten-minute video chronicling Alice Paul’s fight for equality.

It’s a wonderful way to learn about the struggles and triumphs women have endured for the right to vote; a right that should have belonged to women from the beginning.
http://samuel-warde.com/2013/05/young-women-preserving-womens-history-video/

It’s time that we stopped using the term “Caucasian”

Here’s four reasons when we really mean “white.”

1. It’s “highly unlikely” that white people came out of the Caucasus region in Eurasia.

2. In the 18th century, German anthropologist Friedrich Blumenbach devised a flawed classification system that divided humans into five races—Caucasian (white), Mongolian (yellow), Malayan (brown), Ethiopian (black), and American (red). Blumenbach believed that the Caucasian race was the “most beautiful” and oldest, ideas that support white supremacy. While Blumenbach’s four other racial terms are considered obsolete, “Caucasian” has sadly survived.

3. People of Indian descent technically fall under the category of “Caucasian”, but they aren’t considered white (and have historically been denied the same rights as white people in Canada and other countries). The U.S. Supreme Court confirmed the distinction in a 1923 ruling, which denied U.S. citizenship to Indian-American writer Bhagat Singh Thind.

4. Usage of the pseudoscientific term “Caucasian” reinforces the erroneous notion that there is a scientific basis for racial hierarchies.

Read more at:  http://www.straight.com/print/blogra/526526/five-reasons-why-we-should-stop-calling-white-people-caucasian

and here:  http://mentalfloss.com/article/50202/why-are-white-people-called-caucasian
The Boston bombing suspects are from the actual Caucasus region, meaning they *literally could not be more Caucasian*

Changing Education Paradigms

The history of education is connected to industrialization and factory work.

2014 Columbus and Thanksgiving

Things to think about.

3 Common Complaints About Political Correctness (That Completely Miss the Point)

It’s become shorthand for saying “Ideas that I happen to find ridiculous are being taken seriously by a lot of people, and it’s ruining this country,” which makes its definition entirely subjective – and therefore arbitrary. For example, a person who’s all for same-sex marriage might scoff at gender-neutral restrooms as political correctness gone too far.

Because apparently, political correctness only goes “too far” when it applies to the unfamiliar, the not-often-talked about, the marginal, the stigmatized.




http://everydayfeminism.com/2014/10/complaints-about-political-correctness/


1. People Are Too Sensitive
2. It Keeps Us from Saying What We Really Mean
3. So Much Focus on Words Distracts from More Important Issues

History of Racism

In 30 Photographs
http://deadstate.org/here-is-a-brief-history-of-racism-in-30-powerful-photos/

The Homestead Act

How The Cliven Bundy Saga Exposes America's Most Enduring Myth
In the last century several different models were tried to encourage ranchers like Bundy’s ancestors to use public lands – property owned by all Americans, in common – to graze cattle, including the U.S. Grazing Service (a creation of the Taylor Grazing Act of 1934) and today’s Bureau of Land Management (BLM), founded in the 1940s. Both federal agencies installed token costs per head of livestock called a grazing fee, and issued grazing permits that were periodically renewed.
Cliven Bundy tore up his grazing permit in 1992 because he disagreed with its terms. Since that time he has grazed his cattle with no permit on government lands. This makes him worse than a “moocher” – it makes him a trespasser, on property that every one of us owns in common.
The two most visible legacies of the Homestead Act and its successors remain our nation’s huge rural middle class and the checkerboard grid of quarter-sections you can see from the window of an airplane flying seven miles up. But a third can be found hidden in our current, still-unresolved debates about race and the role of government.

Racist, Sexist, and Class Oppressive Societies are Created Over Many Years

Racism is not defined as "individual acts of meanness."  All "-isms" are defined as a SYSTEM which advantages one group over another (sometimes this "advantage" is defined as "power").  Just as sexism advantages men over women and classism advantanges those "who have more than enough" over "those who do not have enough," racism advantages people of white European descent over people of color.  The term "people of color" is a political phrase grouping folks based on such categories as marginalization in society, ethnic minority status, and lack of power in the larger social structure of laws, politics, land owning, corporations, etc., not actual skin color, or actual "numbers" as the word "minority" might imply.

These ADVANTAGES or "privileges" are best defined by Peggy McIntosh in her paper , "White Privilege:  Unpacking the Inivisible Knapsack." http://www.nymbp.org/reference/WhitePrivilege.pdf  They are not asked for, often unknown, and notoriously not noticed, however, they DO EXIST.  Power and privilege is created within a societal system.  Those that have it, don't typically notice unless it is pointed out.  Those that do not have it, know all too well what it looks like and what they can and cannot do or have access to.

A SYSTEM is when cultural norms benefit one group over another, as when Christian observances are marked on a calendar (or officially taken as a day off), but the same benefit (privilege) is not given to Jewish observances.

A SYSTEM is when laws (or rules) directly benefit one group, and not another.  Laws are particularly problematic because their impact can continue for generations.  For example, if your ancestors were taken from their land (African), or their land was taken from them (Native American), or they were not allowed to buy land (people of color) because of "red lining," then the advantages of owning land, building equity, using that equity to create a business or send a child to college, were not available.  The impact of land owning (or lack of it) trickles down from generation to generation.  

This video has an excellent summary of some legislation that advantaged people of white European descent, while disadvantaging people of color - and land owning is only a small part.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YFjKQVZLk1g

Sweatshops

Women's work" THEN (garment factories)…

And NOW (Rana Plaza, Bangladesh)…

QUESTIONS:

• What is "fair trade"?
• What laws were put into place to protect workers after Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire?
• Where are factories located now (there are NONE in the U.S.)?
• How much were people paid (or not paid) in the past and now?
• What is made at the Bangladesh factory (Gap jeans was a major company)?
• Which companies were involved in Bangladesh (Walmart wouldn't increase pay to 35 cents!)?
• What can YOU do?

(Nudity) A model's response - BUY AMERICAN
http://www.elephantjournal.com/2014/03/topless-american-apparel-ad-goes-after-sweatshop-labor-nudity/

World War II Perspectives Lesson

TOUR OF WWII * focusing on multiple perspectives

KEYPOINTS:

• We need to consider all the possible multiple perspectives and actively seek them out.  Then we need to make choices and think about why we want to include or exclude particular perspectives and what that means to the topic and to our students.
• When books don’t exist, it is our job as activists to find additional resources (internet) in order to present “missing voices” until a suitable book exists.
  
• Teacher-created summaries can meet the need of a more inclusive story AND also make the topic accessible to children with language limits – e.g., teachers can adjust language, print size, and readability level, computers can read text to students.
• See the summary samples below.

BOOK EXAMPLES:

The Unbreakable Code – Sara Hoagland Hunter

Passage to Freedom:  The Sugihara Story – Ken Mochizuki

I Am An American – Jerry Stanley

So Far From the Sea – Eve Bunting

The Bracelet – Yoshiko Uchida & Joanna Yardley

Those Incredible Women of World War II – Karen Zeinert

The Invisible Thread: The Powerful Memoir of a Girl Consigned to a Concentration Camp by The U.S. Gov’t – Yoshiko Ushida

Aleutian Sparrow – Karen Hesse

The Tuskegee Airmen – Jaqueline Harris

Baseball Saved Us – Ken Mochizuki

Number the Stars – Lois Lowry

Anne Frank:  The Diary of a Young Girl  – Anne Frank

The True Story of the Three Little Pigs – Jon Scieszka (example of multiple perspectives)

WWII - Native Americans

Carl Gorman died in February, 1998, he was 90 and the oldest of the 400 Navajo code talkers.  He was the father of artist R.C. Gorman from Taos, N.M.  He spent much of WWII in the Pacific on his belly at the front lines, a radio rather than a rifle in his hands, just as other Navajo volunteers did, making sure that the Japanese code crackers, who broke the Army, Navy, and Air Corps. codes, would never learn anything from intercepted Marine radio messages. 

Navajo is a language without an alphabet and with such a complex, irregular syntax that in 1942 it was estimated that outside of the 50,000 Navajos, no more than 30 other people in the world had any knowledge of it, none of them Japanese.  It was a wonder that Mr. Gorman or any other Navajos still spoke Navajo at all in the face of a long and concerted Federal campaign to suppress Indian languages.  He had once been chained to an iron pipe for a week because he insisted on speaking his native tongue. 

When the Japanese figured out that Marine radio operators were speaking Navajo and tried to torture a captured Navajo soldier, unfamiliar with the code, into translating messages, he was as much in the unknown as his Japanese captors.  He could tell them that cay-da-gahi meant turtle, but he had no idea that turtle meant tank.  The Navajo code, which was never broken, was considered so valuable that code talkers were not allowed to talk about it until 1969.

Source:  The New York Times, Obituary 2/1/1998

 

WWII - African Americans - Tuskegee

Adhering to its own policies of racial segregation, the U.S. Army Air Force had only one facility for Basic and Advanced Flight Training for Black pilots and that was at the Tuskegee Army Air Field, near Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, which existed only as a result of a lawsuit brought by an African American who was refused for pilot training because of his race.

The “Tuskegee Experiment” was expected to “prove” racial deficiencies in intelligence and concentration, yet the Tuskegee Institute graduated 926 African-American pilots.  The 332nd Fighter Group was comprised of the 99th, 100th, 301st, and 302nd Fighter Squadrons of the U.S. Army Air Corps.  The Red Tail Angels of the 332nd would end the war as the only fighter group in over 1,578 missions throughout Europe and North Africa to NEVER lose a bomber while escorting over 200 bombing missions.

American pilots were not expected to fly more than 50 missions or so before returning home, yet the Black American pilots - due of “lack of replacements” flew closer to 100 missions. They retuned home, the finest pilots in the U.S. and found themselves back in “Colored Only” lines.  In one case, more than a hundred Tuskegee Airmen Officers were arrested and court martialled for refusing to leave the segregated Officer’s Club at Freeman Field in Indiana.  Three years later (1948), President Truman officially desegregated the Armed Forces.

Sources:  http://www.grunts.net/afamerican/332ndfdg.html

http://www.world-wide-net.com/tuskegeeairmen/

WWII - Japanese Americans - Camps

As a result of the war with Japan, many people in he U.S. did not trust people of Japanese ancestry.  Even Japanese-Americans who were born in this country were mistakenly thought to be loyal to Japan.  On February 19, 1942, President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, which resulted in the forcible removal of 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry into concentration camps.  More than two-thirds of those relocated under this order were citizens of the United States, and none had ever shown any disloyalty.  In the entire course of the war, 10 people were convicted of spying for Japan, all of whom were White.

The definition of concentration camp is a place of confinement for political prisoners, which is what happened during WWII to Japanese Americans. To not use this language maintains the mythology that the U.S. has never had these types of prisons (and maintains the ideology that the U.S. is better than many other countries).  In addition, the term concentration camp is the one that was used by U.S. officials, including FDR, at the time.  The government quickly changed its *public* language in order to make the camps more acceptable. Roger Daniels (in his book "Japanese Americans: From relocation to redress") states, "internment is a well defined legal process by which enemy nationals are placed in confinement in times of war."  As he notes, the incarceration of Japanese immigrants and non-U.S. citizens immediately after Pearl Harbor was internment.  The imprisonment of almost 100,000 U.S. citizens because of how they looked and a more powerful group’s desire for economic gain does not fit the definition of internment. (Information in this paragraph from: Karen L. Suyemoto, Ph.D., University of Massachusetts - Boston)

On August 10, 1988, President Ronald Reagan signed the Civil Liberties Act of 1988 that provided a Presidential apology and symbolic payment of $20,000 to the internees, evacuees, and persons of Japanese ancestry who lost liberty or property because of discriminatory action by the Federal government during WWII. 

Sources:

http://www.lib.Utah.edu/spc/photo/9066/9066.htm

http://www.usdoj.gov/kidspage/crt/redress.htm

WWII - Japanese Americans - Soldiers

The 100th Infantry battalion of Nisei (2nd generation Japanese-Americans) volunteers was formed in May, 1942.  By September, 1943, they were sent to Italy where they saw fierce combat and came to be known as the “Purple Heart Battalion” because of their high casualty rate.

Due to the stunning success of Nisei in combat, the draft was reinstated in January, 1944 for Nisei in the detention camps to bolster the ranks of the segregated 442nd Regimental Combat Team.  The 100/442nd became the most decorated unit in U.S. military history for its size and length of service.  There were over 18,000 individual decorations for bravery, 9,500 Purple Hearts, and seven Presidential Distinguished Unit Citations.

It was the 100/442nd that liberated the Dachau concentration camp in Germany.

Source:  www.nikkeiheritage.org/research/442html

WWII - African Americans - Overseas

Like other Allied forces that landed in Normandy on June 6, 1944, they faced the German enemy on the beach in front of them. Their role on D-Day isn't well-known. One black face appears briefly in the movie "The Longest Day"; none is seen in "Saving Private Ryan." Most histories of the climactic assault on Normandy also fail to notice that black soldiers were there.

In fact, blacks were among the assault troops that June 6, and one unit was responsible for maintaining barrage balloons over the beachhead that protected troops landing.

The Stars and Stripes newspaper in 1944 reported that the unit suffered casualties setting up the balloons, which were floated across the English Channel on invasion day. Army photographers recorded black troops in operations liberating French villages around the beaches, and stories of the time cited black troops who were awarded medals for bravery and meritorious duty.

The exact number of blacks involved in the D-Day landings is unknown, as is the number of casualties. He estimates that from 1,500 to 2,000 of the 57,000 troops involved were black. The Army didn't record racial or ethnic differences when counting the dead.

Sources: 

startribune.com

Remembering Role of Black GIs on June 6, 1944 by Lance Gay

Scripps Howard News Service, Published May 30, 2004

  

WWII - Mexican Americans - Bracero

On August 4, 1942, the U.S. and the Mexican governments instituted the Bracero program.  Thousands of impoverished Mexican farm workers abandoned their rural communities and headed north to the southwestern part of the U.S. to work the fields once harvested by Americans who were off to war.  The Bracero could return to their native lands in case of an emergency, only with written permission from their boss.  When their contract expired, the Bracero were required to turn in their permits and return to Mexico.   The Bracero suffered harassment and oppression from extremist groups and racist authorities.

The Bracero were a very experienced farm labor who became the foundation for the development of North American agriculture.  The program under which more than three million Mexicans entered the U.S. to labor in the agricultural fields ended in 1964.

Source:  http://www.farmworker.org/bracerop.html

WWII - American Women - Soldiers & Nurses

An average female clerical salary was only $850 per year, few could afford the $750 required for obtaining a pilot’s license, unless they had family backing. Over 25,000 women applied to be WASPs (Women Airforce Service Pilot), yet only 1,839 of that number were accepted and only 1,074 received their silver wings.  Although all of those applying had some previous flight training and many were already licensed pilots, few survived the rigorous screening and training standard set up for the WASP.

WASPs flew U.S. military aircraft during WWII in a special program designed to free male pilots for overseas duty.  Female pilots utilized their skills to transport new war birds from the factories to needed airfields.  With the enormous losses of male aviators, there were now more planes available than pilots to fly them, especially for ferrying duties.  These women often transported top secret documents, including parts for assembling the world’s first atomic bomb.  They offered both basic and instrument instruction to men and even flew highly classified experimental aircraft such as the first jets. 

Many female pilots were mistaken for mail carriers, flight attendants, boat captains, doormen, and even as members of another country's military because uniformed women soldiers were so rare.

Women were also military nurses.  With a nudge from Eleanor Roosevelt, the Navy began authorizing a Women’s Naval Reserve and the Marine Corps Women’s Reserve.  These women were WAVES (Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Services).  The WAAC (Women’s Army auxiliary Corps) was changed to the WAC establishing it as part of the Army and not an auxiliary by a second bill in July of 1943, signed by President Roosevelt. 

In July of 1944, WACs landed on the beach at Normandy.  There were over one hundred thousand women in uniform at this point in time.

Sources: 

http://www.womenofcourage.com/guide.htm

http://userpages.aug.com/captbarb/femvets5.html

WWII - Mexican Americans - Soldiers

On March 14, 1944, President Roosevelt agreed to accept the participation of one or two Mexican air squadrons.  This event marked the first time the Mexican troops were trained for combat.  

Although only in the Philippines for six months, the squadron actively participated in 59 combat missions totaling over 1,290 hours of flight.  They successfully participated in the Allied effort to bomb Luzon and Formosa in an attempt to push the Japanese out of the islands.  Assigned to the 58th Fighter group of the U.S. 5th Air Force, the “Aztec Eagles” were also used as ground support after the aerial threat from Japan weakened.

Source:  http://www.utexas.edu/projects/latinoarchives/narratives/vol1no2/ESCUADRON_201/ESCUADRON_201.HTML

WWII - American Women - “Production Soldiers”

In July 1941, the American Red Cross called upon “every woman and girl in Huntsville and Madison County, Alabama who knits, crochets, or sews“ to cooperate in meeting the deadline for completing the area’s assigned quota of sewing.  In addition to sewing and winding bandages, the female inhabitants were active participants in the civilian defense effort.

In April 1942, the University of Alabama offered a course in chemical laboratory techniques for-women-only; those who desired to qualify for jobs in defense laboratories.  While many male factory workers went to war, at the Huntsville Arsenal, black and white men did the heavy work, while white females were employed for production work.  No demand was made for large numbers of black females until the local labor market was exhausted of white females.

Pay was not equal.  For examples, men who worked in mustard gas production were paid $5.76 daily, while women were paid $4.40.  The principle of “equal pay for equal work,” adopted by the War Labor Board in 1942 was subsequently implemented at arsenals as part of the basic War Department philosophy of wage administration.  Even lingering doubts about the suitability of hiring black women for defense work were soon overridden by the pressing need to meet production demand.

The movement toward all female work crews was a gradual one, particularly in those areas where women had never been assigned duty.  But by 1943, a women supervisor and her “all female crew of 15” had acquired the reputation for being “one of the most efficient crews at the arsenal.”  By May 1944, Huntsville peaked in employing 6,707 men and women, 63% male (11% were black, 52% white) and 37% female (11% were black, 26% white)

Redstone Arsenal implemented its first reduction in force in June 1945, when about 200 employees were terminated, mostly black women.  By October, the number of female production employees was reduced to zero.  Huntsville Arsenal placed 500 operations employees, almost all women, on a 90 day furlough in August 1945, then continued a layoff through September. The reason given for this decision was based on the belief that women were “not suited for transfer to the heavy work.”

Source:  http://www.redstone.army.mil/history/women/welcome.html

WWII - Jewish Experience in Germany

The beginning of the Second World War brought millions of non-German Jews under German rule, mostly in Poland. But still no clear concept existed about what to do with them. In Poland the SS often forced Jews to live in ghettos, most prominently in Warsaw and Kracow, and resettled them in big cities or along railroad lines. The official policy was still expulsion and exclusion from the rest of society, not extermination, but shootings occurred, and living conditions in the ghettos were so terrible as to produce a high mortality.

But in the fall of 1941 the SS constructed death factories with gas chambers. A Europe-wide extermination program started. In the following three years the remaining Jews from Germany and all occupied countries were rounded up, put into freight trains, and driven across Europe to the death camps in Poland, most notably Auschwitz, Maidanek, and Treblinka. There the survivors of the transports were led to a ramp on which Nazi doctors separated the most fit and sent them to the work camps right next to the extermination camps. The others were led into windowless chambers. After they had undressed (presumably to take a shower), gas dropped in from the ceiling and killed them within minutes. Most of those who had to work did not survive either.

Besides Jews, the "death factories" also killed opponents of the regime (German and non-German), Gypsies, Russian prisoners of war, and many other innocent people. The gruesome mass murder intensified toward the end of the war, as Hitler believed that the extermination of the Jews would be his lasting "achievement" in history and that future generations would be grateful. The Holocaust claimed roughly six million Jewish victims. Around five million other people were killed as well, including between two and three million Soviet prisoners of war, many gypsies, German resisters, communists, homosexuals, and other groups. The death machinery worked as long as German troops held Poland. When the Russians advanced in late 1944, the SS destroyed the death camps and the relating documents (making the task of historians to establish exact numbers and procedures more difficult).

Sources: 

http://www.colby.edu/personal/r/rmscheck/GermanyE4.html

http://members.aol.com/TeacherNet/Holocaust.html

WWII - Aleut Internment

In response to Japanese aggression in the Aleutians, U.S. authorities evacuated 881 Aleuts from nine villages. They were herded from their homes onto cramped transport ships, most allowed only a single suitcase. Heartbroken, Atka villagers watched as U.S. servicemen set their homes and church afire so they would not fall into Japanese hands. 

The Aleuts were transported to Southeast Alaska and there crowded into "duration villages": abandoned canneries, a herring saltery, and gold mine camp-rotting facilities with no plumbing, electricity or toilets. The Aleuts lacked warm winter clothes, and camp food was poor, the water tainted. For two years they would remain in these dark places, struggling to survive. Illness of one form or another struck all the evacuees, but medical care was often nonexistent, and the authorities were dismissive of the Aleuts' complaints. Pneumonia and tuberculosis took the very young and the old. With the death of the elders so, too, passed their knowledge of traditional Aleut ways.

Despite their poor treatment at the hands of the U.S. government, twenty-five Aleut men joined the Armed Forces. Three took part in the U.S. invasion of Attu Island, and all were awarded the Bronze Star.

The Attuans suffered severe deprivation during the war. For three years, they were imprisoned in the city of Otaru on Hokkaido Island, subsisting almost soley on rice. What the war had not done, a stroke of the pen had accomplished – four communities had met with extinction. Those villagers allowed to reoccupy their homes found them ravaged by the weather and vandalized by U.S. servicemen, the windows smashed, doors and furniture gone. Worse still was the theft of religious icons and subsistence equipment – boats and rifles. Some Aleut worked until their hands bled to repair the damage that had been done, but it would take years to recover, to fashion new communities and a new order for themselves. Politicized by their stay in the camps, the Aleut began the long battle for restitution. The evacuation had taken place for humanitarian reasons, but racism too had played a role in their abrupt evacuation and poor treatment in the camps.

It would be forty years until restitution would be made, but on August 10, 1988 Public Law 100-383 was signed calling for financial compensation and apology from Congress and the President in behalf of the American people.

Source:  http://www.nps.gov/aleu/ForKids.htm

WWII - Gay/Lesbian Experience

The history of the pink triangle begins before WWII, during Adolf Hitler's rise to power. Paragraph 175, a clause in German law prohibiting homosexual relations, was revised by Hitler in 1935 to include kissing, embracing, and gay fantasies as well as sexual acts. Convicted offenders -- an estimated 25000 just from 1937 to 1939 -- were sent to prison and then later to concentration camps. Their sentence was to be sterilized, and this was most often accomplished by castration. In 1942 Hitler's punishment for homosexuality was extended to death.

Each prisoner in the concentration camps wore a colored inverted triangle to designate their reason for incarceration, and hence the designation also served to form a sort of social hierarchy among the prisoners. A green triangle marked its wearer as a regular criminal; a red triangle denoted a political prisoner. Two yellow triangles overlapped to form a Star of David designated a Jewish prisoner. The pink triangle was for homosexuals. A yellow Star of David under a superimposed pink triangle marked the lowest of all prisoners -- a gay Jew.

Although homosexual prisoners reportedly were not shipped en masse to the death camps at Auschwitz, a great number of gay men were among the non-Jews who were killed there. Estimates of the number of gay men killed during the Nazi regime range from 50,000 to twice that figure. When the war was finally over, countless many homosexuals remained prisoners in the camps, because Paragraph 175 remained law in West Germany until its repeal in 1969.

In the 1970's, gay liberation groups resurrected the pink triangle as a popular symbol for the gay rights movement. In the 1980's, ACT-UP (AIDS Coalition To Unleash Power) began using the pink triangle for their cause. They inverted the symbol, making it point up, to signify an active fight back rather than a passive resignation to fate.

One additional note:  Alan Turing was a gay mathematician and THE founding father of computer science who was instrumental in the British war effort during World War II. After the war, he was convicted of having homosexual sex and forced to undergo drug and hormone treatments.

Source:  http://www.wright-counseling.com/Safezone/safezonesymbols.htm

Know The Chain of Where Your Stuff is From

And the human rights violations that happened along the way.  Great talk about the global supply chain.

Who Do You Think You Are?

http://www.tv.com/shows/who-do-you-think-you-are/episodes/

My favorite episodes are the ones which trace back the lines of African Americans, cause you know what they are going to find --- or do they?

From Wikipedia
Who Do You Think You Are? is an American genealogy documentary series that premiered on NBC on March 5, 2010. The show is an adaptation of the British series of the same name, aired by the BBC. Each week a celebrity goes on a journey to trace his or her family tree. Lisa Kudrow is an executive producer for the series, which is a partnership between Shed Media, NBC Entertainment and Ancestry.com.
The series ran for twenty-seven episodes, broadcast over three seasons, before it was cancelled by NBC in 2012.^[1] The series has since been picked up by TLC.^[2] The fourth season is scheduled to premiere on July 23, 2013.^[3] A how-to companion book to the series, also called Who Do You Think You Are?, is available to help viewers research their own roots.^[4]

Haiti

Exploring Culture

In an effort to be better prepared for the increasing diversity in our society it is important to learn about the histories and experiences of people from a diversity of backgrounds

Here are a few resources about the history and experiences from people of Haitian descent from the EMI Exploring Culture course.

Haitian History

This site offers an entire history course on Haiti

http://www.webster.edu/%7Ecorbetre/haiti/history/history.htm

Timeline

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1202857.stm

Famous People of Haitian Decent

http://journal.thelouvertureproject.org/archives/list-of-famous-people-of-haitian-descent/

Haitian Culture
A gallery with Haitian art including pictures and biographies of painters

http://www.galleryofwestindianart.com/haitianthumbnails.htm

This site from the American Museum of Natural History gives information about Haitian history, culture, religion, rituals, spirits, and tools of worship.

http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/vodou/about.html

Writers of the Caribbean web site from East Carolina University Graduate Multicultural Literacy program

http://core.ecu.edu/engl/deenas/caribbean/carbwtrs.htm

YouTube Videos

Scenes of Haiti before and after the earthquake

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wqfff-CIyU4

Haiti after the Earthquake

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GgghW_-DZJw

What is the Difference Between Deutsch and Dutch? Holland and Netherlands?

From http://www.visualnews.com:  Other things you’ll find out are how New Zealand got its name; the old name of Australia; why we call the Pensilvania Dutch “Dutch” even when they are from Germany; and why part of the European Union is actually located in the southern Caribbean. Seriously, there are some strange things going on with this low lying nation, and marijuana smoking is not even close to the biggest part of it. Join us now on this great journey which (if you’re like us geography geeks), will have you itching to explore all things Dutch sooner rather than later.

Never Stop "Searching"

A google video of the year 2012

We Are All Related, Well, The U.S. Presidents Are!

Our Friend Martin

One hour show about MLK, jr.